FinTech

Policy Report- Towards Safer and Smarter Digital Payment Systems

India’s digital payments ecosystem has transformed the way millions transact, accelerating financial inclusion and reshaping the country’s digital economy. However, the rapid scale of digital payments has also expanded the cyber fraud landscape, with scams becoming increasingly organised, psychologically sophisticated, and technologically enabled. This policy report examines the evolving nature of cyber fraud in India, […]

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Policy Brief: From Payments to Prosperity – Expanding Credit on UPI to All Authorised Card Networks

UPI has cemented its position as the cornerstone of India’s digital economy, achieving an unprecedented scale of 20 billion transactions in a single month by mid-2025. As the platform evolves from a facilitator of payments to a comprehensive financial hub, the integration of credit—primarily through RuPay credit cards and the Credit Line on UPI (CLOU)—marks

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Policy Brief: From Payments to Prosperity: Expanding Credit Line over UPI to NBFCs

UPI has established itself as India’s most widely adopted digital payments infrastructure. As it progressively integrates credit functionality, the platform is positioned to play a larger role in supporting financial access, especially for individuals and enterprises with evolving credit needs. However, the current framework—where only banks can offer credit lines on UPI—limits a broader section

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Analysis: Decoding FREE-AI : Insights into RBI Framework for Trustworthy AI in Banking and Beyond

This report presents a rigorous analysis of the Reserve Bank of India’s Framework for Responsible and Ethical Enablement of Artificial Intelligence (FREE-AI), constituted in December 2024 and released in August 2025. Conceived to balance innovation with prudent risk management, the framework advances seven guiding sutras and twenty-six recommendations across six pillars—Infrastructure, Policy, Capacity, Governance, Protection,

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Ranjeet Rane

Ranjeet Rane is a public policy professional with over 15 years of experience at the intersection of technology, regulation, and financial innovation. As Partner at The Dialogue, he will lead the Fintech and Sustainable Finance verticals, drawing on his deep expertise in banking regulation, emerging technologies, and data governance to shape forward-looking public policy. Prior

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Research Report: Taxation of Digitalized Economy

The Dialogue presents a comprehensive analysis on the pressing challenges of taxing the digital economy, a critical issue faced by governments globally. As digital transformation accelerates, frameworks like Article 12B of the UN Model Taxation Convention aim to ensure fair taxation of automated digital services, including online advertising, cloud computing, and social media platforms. Our

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Event Report: Conference on Unlocking the Potential of New Age Fintech: Towards an Inclusive, Innovative and Progressive Ecosystem

On August 1st, 2024, The Dialogue hosted a conference titled “Unlocking the Potential of New Age Fintech: Towards an Inclusive, Innovative and Progressive Ecosystem.” This event brought together leading experts from the fintech and financial services sectors to discuss the challenges and opportunities ahead. We extend our heartfelt thanks to all the distinguished speakers: The

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Working Paper: Taking UPI Global: Building an Ecosystem Approach to Export India’s Flagship Payment System

At last year’s G20 summit, hosted by India, the focus was on India’s impressive domestic digital public infrastructure. India showcased its technological advancements through India Stack, featuring Aadhar (digital identity), the Data Empowerment and Protection Architecture (DEPA), the Account Aggregator Framework (data exchange), and the flagship Unified Payments Interface (UPI) for digital transactions. UPI’s widespread

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Event Report: Policy Approaches to Foster a Vibrant and Competitive Ecosystem

The Indian fintech ecosystem has experienced rapid growth, underscoring the need for thoughtful policy approaches to sustain a vibrant and competitive market. On July 16, 2024, The Dialogue hosted a virtual discussion to explore these essential policy strategies. The panel examined how graded classifications, obligations, and other tactics can foster a competitive fintech sector. Key

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Primer: Driving Cloud Adoption – Transforming Banking and Finance Sector

New and innovative technological solutions are not just altering but revolutionizing the delivery of banking and financial services to consumers. The banking, financial services, and insurance (BFSI) sectors are undergoing rapid growth and technological advancements, demanding an evolution in industry standards and practices. Small and cooperative banks are facing significant challenges in adapting to rapid

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